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16. nov. 2022

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Redigeret: 03. jul. 2022

vengeful: Etymology

craig8smiling · 2022-07-03T02:02:39.613Z

5 entries found. • vengeful (adj.) • 1580s, from obsolete venge (https://www.etymonline.com/word/venge?ref=etymonline_crossreference#etymonline_v_39877)(v.) "take revenge" + -ful.(https://www.etymonline.com/word/-ful?ref=etymonline_crossreference) Related: Vengefully; vengefulness. • Related entries & more (https://www.etymonline.com/word/vengeful#etymonline_v_30861) vindictive (adj.) • 1610s, "vengeful," from Latin vindicta "revenge" (see vindication)(https://www.etymonline.com/word/vindication?ref=etymonline_crossreference) + -ive;(https://www.etymonline.com/word/-ive?ref=etymonline_crossreference) or perhaps a shortening of vindicative (https://www.etymonline.com/word/vindicative?ref=etymonline_crossreference)based on the Latin word. From 1620s as "punitive, retributive," rather than personally vengeful or deliberately cruel. Related: Vindictively. • Related entries & more (https://www.etymonline.com/word/vindictive#etymonline_v_7799) Mstislav • Slavic masc. proper name, literally "vengeful fame," from Russian mstit' "to take revenge," from Proto-Slavic *misti "revenge," *mistiti "to take revenge," from PIE *mit-ti-, extended form of root *mei- (https://www.etymonline.com/word/*mei-?ref=etymonline_crossreference#etymonline_v_52689)(1) "to change, go, move;" for second element, see Slav.(https://www.etymonline.com/word/Slav?ref=etymonline_crossreference) • Related entries & more (https://www.etymonline.com/word/Mstislav#etymonline_v_25697) vindicative (adj.)(https://www.etymonline.com/word/vindicative#etymonline_v_39982) • mid-15c., "vindictive, having vengeful intent," from Old French vindicatif (14c.) or directly from Medieval Latin vindicativus, from vindicat-, past participle stem of vindicare (see vindicate)(https://www.etymonline.com/word/vindicate?ref=etymonline_crossreference). From c. 1600 as "involving retribution or punishment," a sense "common in 17th cent." [OED]. • Related entries & more (https://www.etymonline.com/word/vindicative#etymonline_v_39982) Slav (n.) • late 14c., Sclave, from Medieval Latin Sclavus (c. 800), from Byzantine Greek Sklabos (c. 580), from Proto-Slavic *sloveninu "a Slav," probably related to *slovo "word, speech," which suggests the name originally identified a member of a speech community (compare Old Church Slavonic Nemici "Germans," related to nemu "dumb;" Greek heterophonos "foreign," literally "of different voice;" and Old English þeode, which meant both "race" and "language"). Max Vasmer, the authority for Slavic etymologies, rejects a connection to *slava "glory, fame," which, however, influenced Slav via folk etymology. This is the -slav in personal names (such as Russian Miroslav, literally "peaceful fame;" Mstislav (https://www.etymonline.com/word/Mstislav?ref=etymonline_crossreference)"vengeful fame;" Jaroslav "famed for fury;" Czech Bohuslav "God's glory;" Latinized Wenceslas (https://www.etymonline.com/word/Wenceslas?ref=etymonline_crossreference)"having greater glory"), perhaps from PIE root *kleu- (https://www.etymonline.com/word/*kleu-?ref=etymonline_crossreference)"to hear." In English, it was spelled Slave c. 1788-1866, influenced by French and German Slave. As an adjective from 1876. • Related entries & more (https://www.etymonline.com/word/Slav#etymonline_v_23652)